Iɴᴅɪᴀ produces a significant amount of pomegranate (Punica granatum), which is a very valuable fruit crop. It was primarily developed in Iʀᴀɴ, and pomegranate farming has since spread widely throughout Mediterranean nations like Sᴘᴀɪɴ, Morocco, Baluchistan, Eɢʏᴘᴛ, Iʀᴀɴ, and Aғɢʜᴀɴɪsᴛᴀɴ. It is also grown for commercial purposes in Myanmar, Cʜɪɴᴀ, the USA, and Iɴᴅɪᴀ.
Maharashtra is one of the top cultivating states, producing 9.45 lakh Mt of tons annually on 90 000 ha of land with a yield of 10.5 Mt/ha. 78% of Iɴᴅɪᴀ’s total land area and 84% of its total production were in the state of Maharashtra. One of the most popular table fruits is pomegranate. For table use, fresh fruits are used. Along with processing products like syrup, juice, jelly, squash, Anar rub, juice concentrates, Anar dana tablets, acids, carbonated cold drinks, etc., pomegranate also produces these items. Proteins, minerals, and vitamins abound in the nutritious pomegranate fruit. Patients who suffer from leprosy can benefit from the juice.
Climate
Successful pomegranate cultivation requires primarily dry and semi-arid weather, as well as cold winters and exceptionally dry summers that promote fruit production. Pomegranate plants should be regarded as drought-tolerant and can endure some levels of cold. 35–38 °C is the ideal temperature for fruit development. The optimal location for pomegranate growing is 500 meters above sea level.
Soil
It is frequently grown in a variety of soil types, from low-fertile to high-fertile soil, taking into account the soil requirements. However, it produces an excellent yield in a deep loamy soil. To a certain extent, it can withstand salinity and alkalinity in the soil. Pomegranate farming requires soil with a pH range of 6.5–7.5.
Pit preparation and planting
Ninety-day-old Most fields of pomegranate trees have pits ready for planting pomegranate plants. Prepare a Hell that is 60 cm x 60 cm x 60 cm in size. Farmers should plant their crops at a distance of 10 to 12 feet between plants and 13 to 15 feet between rows. Pits are overflowing with neem cake, single superphosphate, and animal dung during the monsoon season. Pomegranate planting is best done during the season when there is enough soil moisture for healthy plant growth.
Harvesting
After 150 to 180 days from flowering to fruit maturity, pomegranate fruit may be harvested. Genetics, climatic factors, and growing area all play a role. Fruits should be harvested when they are at the optimum maturity stage since Pʀᴇᴍᴀᴛᴜʀᴇ harvesting happens when fruits are dull, immature, or improperly ripened. Late harvesting, on the other hand, makes people more vulnerable to ᴅɪsᴇᴀsᴇ. Pomegranate, on the other hand, is a non-climacteric fruit and should only be picked when it is fully ripe.
There are a number of harvest indicators used to judge the pomegranate fruits’ maturity and harvesting. Dark bitter floom color should develop on the surface, and consumers prefer dark pink arils. Another indicator of maturity is the calyx, which is turned inward at the bottom of pomegranate fruits. Aril should be dyed pink or crimson. Pomegranate fruits shouldn’t be allowed to become overripe. Fruits should be picked with the aid of secateurs or clippers because ᴍᴀɴual picking may result in clusters of ᴅᴀᴍᴀɢᴇd fruits.
Let’s see ᴀᴡᴇsome agriculture technology: Pomegranate cultivation-pomegranate farm and harvest in the amazing video below.
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Video resource: Tony 98 – Discovery
