A high-precision, high-efficiency automated machine tool is the CNC lathe and turning center. The machine tool has a wide range of processing perforᴍᴀɴce, with linear interpolation, circular interpolation of various compensating functions, and has a favorable economic effect in the mass production of complex parts when equipped with a multi-station turret or power turret.
CNC Lathes are machine tools where the material or part is clamped and turned by the main spindle, while the cutting tool that works on the material, is mounted and moved in multiple axes. The cutting tool is stationary mounted for OD and ID operations, such as those performed on shafts and pipes, while the material or part is clamped and turned in CNC lathes. They are best suited for components with ɪᴅᴇɴᴛɪᴄᴀʟ symmetry around an axis that could be thrown up in the spindle.
A basic CNC lathe has two axes of motion and an 8–24 station turret where the tool is fixed in place. Because the rotating action of the component is referred to as “turning,” some models of CNC lathes are also known as CNC turning machines.
The drive system for the milling, boring, and tapping tools is typically located inside the turret. The life tools are installed for axial or radial operative directions depending on the application. Both 3-axis CNC lathes and CNC turning machines may contain these.
Turning centers are the usual name for lathes that have additional features like Y-axis, sub-spindles, or specifically chosen options for automation. These sophisticated machine tools may accomplish complex part fabrication in one configuration by incorporating milling, drilling, and tapping operations in addition to normal OD and ID turning operations. Such all-in-one machine tools greatly increase production by transforming an item from a raw component to a finished product.
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